Gambling Disorders

Gambling is a way of risking something of value (money, property, or other items) for the chance of winning something else of value. It includes all forms of betting, from buying a lottery ticket to placing a bet on a sporting event. Most people who gamble do so for fun and don’t have a problem with it. But a small number of people who begin gambling develop a serious addiction to it. This is called a gambling disorder.

In the United States, people can place a bet in Las Vegas casinos, Atlantic City gambling halls, online, or on their smartphones. The games they play include poker, blackjack, bingo, roulette, and video slot machines. The amount of money wagered annually is estimated to be $10 trillion. People can also bet on horse races, sporting events, and other types of games. The prevalence of gambling is higher among low-income people, who are more likely to become addicted and have more to lose than those with more wealth. Young people, particularly boys and men, are also more susceptible to developing a gambling disorder.

A defining feature of gambling is uncertainty, whether it’s the size of a jackpot or the likelihood of winning at all. When the outcome of a game is uncertain, the brain releases dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasant experiences. This may explain why people find gambling so attractive.

Although there are no FDA-approved medications for gambling disorders, some people do recover from their symptoms. Counseling can help people understand their gambling problems and think about ways to change them. Support groups, such as Gamblers Anonymous, can provide peer support and help people recognize their triggers. Physical activity can also be helpful.

If you have a friend or family member with a gambling problem, consider talking to them about it. If you’re unable to talk with them in person, try writing a letter or calling them on the phone. Many states have gambling helplines and other assistance for people with gambling disorders. You can also seek out counseling for yourself or someone you love.

If you plan to gamble, start with a fixed amount of money that you are willing to spend and stick to it. Never use money that you need to pay bills or rent. Only gamble with disposable income and be aware that you are most likely to lose. Make gambling a recreational activity, not a way to make money. Remember that gambling products are designed to keep you gambling, so expect to lose and don’t treat it as a way to win. Set a dollar limit for yourself, and if you exceed it, quit playing. Managing your bankroll is one of the best things you can do to stay safe when gambling.